2019年阜陽成人學(xué)士學(xué)位英語核心考點(diǎn)——方式狀語從句

　　方式狀語從句通常由as, (just)as…so…, as if, as though引導(dǎo)。

　　1)as, (just)as…so…引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as…so…結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文體，例如：

　　Always do to the others as you would be done by.

　　你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。

　　As water is to fish, so air is to man.

　　我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。

　　Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

　　正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。

　　2)as if, as though

　　兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如：

　　They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed.

　　他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。(與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。)

　　He looks as if (as though)he had been hit by lighting.

　　他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。(與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。)

　　It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

　　看來天氣很快就會好起來。(實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。)

　　說明：as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語，例如：

　　He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.

　　他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。

　　He cleared his throat as if to say something.

　　他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。

　　The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

　　波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。

　　注意：a.句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

　　b.句首是實(shí)義動詞，其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動詞一起放在主語之前。

　　Try hard as he will，he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

　　= Though he tries hard，he never seems.

　　雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。

　　3)ever if，even though 即使

　　We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

　　4)whether…or- 不管……都

　　Whether you believe it or not，it is true.

　　5)“no matter +疑問詞”或“疑問詞+后綴ever”

　　No matter what happened，he would not mind.

　　Whatever happened，he would not mind.

　　替換：no matter what = whatever

　　no matter who = whoever

　　no matter when = whenever

　　no matter where = wherever

　　no matter which = whichever

　　no matter how = however

　　注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。

　　(錯)No matter what you say is of no use now.

　　(對)Whatever you say is of no use now.

　　你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。(Whatever you say是主語從句)

　　(錯)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given.

　　(對)Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。

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